Analysis of Indigenous Knowledge Approaches Towards Building Climate Resilience in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Abstract

The study focuses on indigenous knowledge systems in the Niger Delta. A quantitative research design approach was used, combining a household survey (n = 400) with historical climate data analysis (1901- 2024). Statistical techniques used in the study included descriptive analysis, correlation and regression analysis, threshold-based scoring, trend analysis using ordinary least squares (OLS) and Theil-Sen method. The survey results indicate that indigenous knowledge, such as elevated housing, rotational farming, and communal warning systems, is widely used and effective in reducing climate hazards. The Climate Resilience Index (mean = 77.2%) revealed that more than 90% of respondents demonstrated high to very high resilience. Pearson correlations (r ≥ 0.90, p < 0.001) demonstrated a clear positive relationship between IK adoption and resilience. Comparative perception tests (χ² = 7.28, p = 0.026) found a significant difference in community perceptions of three strategies (indigenous knowledge (IK), modern/scientific systems, and training). Climatic trend analysis revealed a clear warning signal in all the states (+0.003-0.005 °C/year), a declining rainfall trend in several states (-0.11 - 0.21 mm/year), and growing diurnal temperature ranges (DTR) in Rivers and Cross River States. Vapour pressure escalated, notably in Delta and Bayelsa States, which suggests that local knowledge can help with combating climate change. The study suggests that the people of the region should acknowledge an adaptation policy that harmonises indigenous and scientific approaches, while also enhancing intergenerational knowledge transmission.

Keywords: · ,; · ; · ; · ; ·